Glossary

Abhidhammattha Saṅgaha: a compendium of the Abhidhamma, the analytical part of the tipiṭaka

adosa: non-hatred

ahiṃsā: non-violence, the absence of the desire to do harm
(= avihiṃsā)

ajjhattika: personal

ākāsānañcāyatana: the sphere of boundless space

ākiñcaññāyatana: the sphere of nothingness

akusala: bad, unwholesome

akusala-mūla: unwholesome root

Āḷāra Kālāma: a teacher of the Buddha

alobha: non-greed

amoha: non-delusion

anāgāmī: non-returner

anāgāmīmagga: path of non-return

anāgāmīphala: fruition of non-return

ānāpānasati: mindfulness of breathing

anatta: non-self, absence of self

Aṅguttara Nikāya: the Numerical Discourses, a collection of suttas

anicca: impermanence

anurakkhaṇa-padhāna: effort to maintain

appanā-samādhi: attainment concentration

arūpa: formless, immaterial

arūpa-jhāna: absorption of the immaterial sphere

arūpa-rāga: craving for immaterial existence

arahant: Worthy One, one who has attained nibbāna

arahatta: the state of having attained nibbāna

arahattamagga: the path of holiness

arahattaphala: the fruition of holiness

ariya: noble, Noble One (ariya-puggala)

ariya-magga: transcendental path

ariya-puggala: Noble One

asubha: impure

atta: self, personality

atta-diṭṭhi: personality-belief

aṭṭhaṅgika-ariya-magga: Noble Eightfold Path

aṭṭha-sīla: the eight precepts

avihiṃsā: non-violence, the absence of the desire to do harm
(= ahiṃsā)

avijjā: ignorance

āyatana: sphere

bāhira: external

bhāvanā: mental development, meditation

bhāvanā-maya-paññā: knowledge based on mental development

bhāvanā-padhāna: effort to develop

bhava-cakka: the wheel of existence

bhikkhu: monk

bodhisatta: future Buddha

bojjhaṅga: factor of awakening

Buddha: the Awakened One, an arahant, teacher, and discoverer of the dhamma in an age when it was forgotten

cattāri-ariya-saccāni: the Four Noble Truths

cintā-maya-paññā: knowledge based on thinking

citta: mind

cittānuppassanā: contemplation (mindfulness) of the mind

cittekagatā: one-pointedness of the mind
(= ekagattā)

dasa-sīla: the ten precepts

dhamma: doctrine (of the Buddha), phenomenon, (natural) law, mind object

dhammā: plural of dhamma

dhammānuppassanā: contemplation (mindfulness) of mind objects

dhamma-vicaya-sambojjhaṅga: investigation of phenomena as a factor of awakening (bojjhaṅga)

dhammāyatana: the sphere of mind-objects

Dīgha Nikāya: the Long Discourses, a collection of suttas

diṭṭhi: belief, opinion, view

dosa: hatred

dukkha: suffering

ekagattā: one-pointedness (of the mind, also cittekagattā

hiṃsā: violence, desire to do harm
(= vihiṃsā)

indriya: faculty (sense organ)

iriyāpathaposture (walking, standing, sitting, laying down)

jhāna: meditative absorption

kāma: (sensual) pleasure

kāmacchanda: desire for sensual pleasure

kāma-rāga: craving for sensual pleasure

kāya: body

kāyānuppassanā: contemplation (mindfulness) of the body

kamma: action (Sanskrit: karma)

kammassakatā: ownership of action

khandha: group, aggregate

khattiya: aristocrat, man of the warrior caste

kusala: good, wholesome

kusala-mūla: wholesome root

Kusinārā: a town in India, the place of the Buddha's parinibbāna

lobha: greed

lokuttara-magga: transcendental path
(= ariya-magga)

Lumbinī: a town in Nepal, the place of the Buddha's birth

magga: path

Mahāparinibbāna Sutta: a sutta depicting the last days of the Buddha

Mahāyāna: the "great vehicle", a school of Buddhism

Majjhima Nikāya: the Middle-Length Discourses, a collection of suttas

majjhimā-paṭipadā: middle path

māna: conceit

manāyatana: the sphere of mind

mettā: benevolence, loving kindness

micchā-ājīva: wrong livelihood

micchā-diṭṭhi: wrong view

micchā-kammanta: wrong action

micchā-vācā: wrong speech

moha: delusion

mūla: root

n'evasaññā-n'āsaññāyatana: the sphere of neither-perception-nor-non-perception

nekkhamma: renunciation

nibbāna: extinction (of fire), liberation from suffering

nirodha: cessation

nirvāṇa: (Sanskrit) nibbāna

nīvaraṇa: hindrance, obstacle

orambhāgiya-saṃyojana: lower fetter, orambhāgiya = belonging to the lower world)

Pāli: an ancient Indian language

padhāna: effort

pahāna-padhāna: effort to overcome

pāṇa: breath

pañca-sīla: the five precepts

paññā: wisdom, knowledge

parikamma-samādhi: preparatory concentration

parinibbāna: final liberation, the death of an arahant

pajānāti: knowing clearly

phala: fruition

passaddhisambojjhaṅga: tranquility as a factor of awakening (bojjhaṅga)

paṭipadā: path

pīti: rapture, zest, joyful interest

pītisambojjhaṅga: joyful interest as a factor of awakening (bojjhaṅga)

puggala: person

rūpa: form

rūpa-jhāna: absorption of the material sphere

rūpa-kkhandha: the group of corporeality (aggregate of clinging)

rūpa-rāga: craving for material existence

sacca: truth, in particular the Four Noble Truths (cattāri-ariya-saccāni)

saccāni: plural of sacca

saddhā: faith, confidence

sakadāgāmi: once-returner

sakadāgāmimagga: the path of once-return

sakadāgāmiphala: the fruition of once-return

sakkāya-diṭṭhi: personality-belief

Sakka: the clan of the Buddha's family

Sakkamuni: the sage of the Sakkas, a name of the Buddha

Śākya: (Sanskrit) Sakka

Śākyamuni: (Sanskrit) Sakkamuni

samādhi: concentration

samādhisambojjhaṅga: concentration as a factor of awakening (bojjhaṅga)

samatha: tranquility

samatha-bhāvanā: tranquility meditation

sammā-ājīva: right livelihood

sammā-diṭṭhi: right view

sammā-kammanta: right action

sammā-samādhi: right concentration

sammā-saṅkappa: right thought

sammā-sati: right mindfulness

sammā-vācā: right speech

sammā-vāyāma: right effort

samudaya: origin, cause

saṃvara-padhāna: effort to avoid

saṃyojana: fetter

Samyutta Nikāya: the Connected Discourses, a collection of suttas

saṅgha: community (of practitioners of Buddhism)

saṅkhāra-kkhandha: the group of mental formation (aggregate of clinging)

saññā-kkhandha: the group of perception (aggregate of clinging)

sati: mindfulness

satipaṭṭhāna: the (four) foundations of mindfulness

Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta: a sutta teaching the foundations of mindfulness (satipaṭṭhāna)

satisambojjhaṅga: mindfulness as a factor of awakening (bojjhaṅga)

satisampajañña: clear comprehension, clarity of consciousness

Siddhārtha Gautama: (Sanskrit) Siddhattha Gotama

Siddhattha Gotama: the birth name of the Buddha

sīla: virtue, precept

sīlabbata-parāmāsa: clinging to (mere) rituals

sīvathikā: cemetery contemplation

sotāpanna: stream-enterer

sotāpattimagga: path of stream-entry

sotāpattiphala: fruition of stream-entry

suhka: happiness

suta-maya-paññā: knowledge based on learning (from others)

sutta: discourse, aphorism

Sutta Nipāta: a collection of suttas probably originating from the lifetime of the Buddha

taṇhā: thirst, craving

Tathāgata: the ``Thus-Gone'', the Awakened One, a name of the Buddha

Theravāda: the doctrine of the elders, a school of Buddhism

thīna-middha: sloth and torpor

tilakkhaṇa: the three marks (of existence)

tipiṭaka: the three baskets (of the Pāli Canon)

tiratana: the three jewels

tisaraṇa: the triple refuge

Uddaka Rāmaputta: a teacher of the Buddha

uddhacca: restlessness

uddhacca-kukkucca: restlessness and worry

uddhaṃbhāgiya-saṃyojana: higher fetter, (uddhaṃbhāgiya = belonging to the upper part)

upacāra-samādhi: neighborhood concentration

upādāna: clinging, attachment

upādāna-kkhanda: aggregate of clinging

upāsaka: lay disciple

upekkhā: equanimity

vedanā: feeling (pleasant, unpleasant, neutral)

vedanā-kkhandha: the group of feeling (aggregate of clinging)

vedanānuppassanā: contemplation (mindfulness) of the feelings

vicāra: discursive thought

vicikicchā: skeptical doubt

vihiṃsā: violence, the desire to do harm
(= hiṃsā)

viññāṇa-kkhandha: the group of consciousness (aggregate of clinging)

viññāṇañcāyatana: the sphere of boundless consciousness

vipassanā: insight

vipassanā-bhāvanā: insight meditation

viriyasambojjhaṅga: energy as a factor of awakening (bojjhaṅga)

vitakka: initial thought

vyāpāda: ill will

yathābhūtaṃ: in reality